Caring for a newborn’s umbilical cord stump is an important part of hygiene and infection prevention during the first few weeks of life. The stump usually dries and falls off within 1 to 3 weeks after birth. During this time, keeping the area clean and dry helps ensure proper healing. Surgical spirit, also called rubbing alcohol, is commonly used to disinfect the stump because it kills germs and speeds the drying process. Knowing how to clean the area gently and safely will protect your baby from irritation or infection.
- Understand Why Cleaning Is Important
The umbilical cord stump is a small piece of tissue that can trap moisture and bacteria if not properly cared for. Babies have delicate immune systems, so even a small infection can become serious. Cleaning the stump with surgical spirit prevents bacterial growth, supports faster drying and reduces the risk of unpleasant smell, redness or discharge. It also gives you a chance to check daily for any signs that might require medical attention.
- Wash Your Hands Before Touching the Cord
Hygiene starts with the caregiver. Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water before handling your newborn. Dry your hands with a clean towel. Avoid touching the stump unless necessary, and never pull or tug on it even if it looks ready to fall off. Any interference can cause bleeding and delay healing.
- Apply Surgical Spirit Correctly
Use clean cotton wool or cotton buds dipped in a small amount of surgical spirit. Gently dab around the base of the stump where it meets the skin. Make sure you reach tiny folds where dirt and moisture may hide. The alcohol may feel cool on your baby’s skin, but it should not be painful. Do not pour the surgical spirit directly onto the baby’s tummy because that can irritate the skin and cause excessive drying.
- Keep the Area Dry and Exposed to Air
Moisture slows the healing process. To keep the stump dry, avoid covering it tightly with diapers. Fold the top of the diaper down to sit below the stump so that air can circulate. When dressing the baby, choose loose-fitting clothing that does not rub against the navel. Baths should be sponge baths rather than soaking in water until the stump falls off naturally.
- Avoid Using Powders, Creams and Oils
Many parents may feel tempted to apply lotion or petroleum jelly to the belly area, but these products trap moisture and can interfere with drying. Surgical spirit should be the only cleaning product used unless a healthcare professional advises otherwise. Natural healing requires a dry environment, so less is always better when it comes to products.
- Monitor Healing and Watch for Warning Signs
Check the stump daily while cleaning. Normal healing signs include gradual shrinking, a dry appearance and colour change from yellowish to brown or black. However, if you notice any worrying symptoms, seek medical advice quickly. Signs of infection include redness spreading onto the tummy skin, foul smell, pus-like discharge, bleeding that does not stop, or your baby crying when the area is touched. A fever is also a serious sign that requires urgent attention.
- Allow the Stump to Fall Off Naturally
The stump will detach on its own when ready. You may find it inside the baby’s clothes or diaper. Continue cleaning for a few days even after it falls off until the belly button is completely healed. If there is a small amount of blood at the time of separation, gently clean with surgical spirit and keep monitoring.
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